Presents the challenges followed by Portugal to address the increase in drug consumption throughout the 1980s and 90s. Explains the decriminalization and harm reduction strategy, along with lessons learnt.
OptTEST case study 4: Removing sex work regulations in Greece.
In April 2012, the Greek police carried out a massive operation in downtown Athens, arresting drug users and sex workers, forcing them to undergo HIV testing and charging them with prostitution. This case study explores the response from human rights and HIV groups both in Greece and internationally and the following campaign to repeal the provision.
OptTEST case study 8: Criminalisation law reform in the Netherlands
This study looks at how The Netherlands tackled criminalisation of transmission & exposure.
OptTEST case study 6: Repealing bad criminal law on HIV in Denmark.
This study looks at how Denmark tackled criminalisation of transmission & exposure.
Mitigating criminalisation of HIV transmission: England & Wales
Many countries across Europe have seen prosecutions of people with HIV for transmission, exposure or even just perceived exposure of HIV. Laws and responses have varied. This case study looks at approaches taken by people in England & Wales in response to what they saw as the inappropriate use of criminal law to prosecute people with HIV for transmission-related “crimes”.
A Spectacle of Stigma
A First-hand Account of a Canadian Criminal HIV Exposure Trial
HIV-Infected Mothers Who Decide to Breastfeed Their Infants Under Close Supervision in Belgium: About Two Cases (2020)
A case report from Belgium in which specific guidelines were implemented in order to support two mothers’ choice to breastfeed. As a result of different prophylactic measures including antiretrovirals in mothers and infants and close follow-up, none of the infants were infected.